Alabamanorth: African-American Migrants, Community, and Working-Class Activism in Cleveland, 1915-45

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Phillips, Kimberley L. Langston Hughes called it "a great dark tide from the South": the unprecedented influx of blacks into Cleveland that gave the city the nickname "Alabama North." This remarkable study reveals the breadth of working-class black experiences and activities in Cleveland and the extent to which these were shaped by traditions and values brought from the South. Kimberley Phillips shows how migrants established complex networks of kin and Mends and infused the city with a…

Author: Kimberley L. Phillips · Original publisher: University of Illinois Press (1999)

Tier 3 — Partial text + link. No text is hosted on Gary NOI. Read free: https://archive.org/details/alabamanorthafri0000phil (Internet Archive lending copy — borrowable; IA item ID as recorded in Tranche A: alabamanorthafri0000phil; no hosting rights).